How did geography influence Greece's economy and military technology? Basic trading patterns remained however. Previously Greece had heavily subsidized agriculture, and moving to the CAP meant that Greece moved from subsidies to price supports, so the consumer rather than the taxpayer would bear the burden of supporting farmers. Changes did occur in the pattern of land tenure, with land being accumulated by the wealthy at the expense of marginal farmers. Although bronze was the most important metal for the Mycenaeans, it was relatively scarce and expensive. The economic history of Greece refers to the economic history of the Greek nation state since 1829. Even if they found work, there are indications that many were not fully benefiting from Athens' economy. • Outside of the three cities of Naucratis, Ptolemais, and Alexandria, all land was theoretically owned by the king, divided into districts (nomes), and administered by both traditional civic officials— nomarch, royal scribe, komarch —and by newly created financial officers — the dioiketes in the capital, and the oikonomos and his underlings in the nome. The Byzantines attempted to prevent the Venetians from achieving complete economic supremacy by aiding their opponents in Milan and Genoa. The Greeks were forced to adapt these characteristics in specific ways. [16] Agricultural development however, remained stunted until the reforms that followed the Greek War of Independence.[17]. The series of wars between 1912 and 1922 provided a catalyst for Greek industry, with a number of industries such as textiles; ammunition and boot-making springing up to supply the military. There were a large number of oil jars found in the destroyed palaces that tell us of the importance of this industry. [20] These policies had the effect of causing much of the populace to lose faith in their government, and investment decreased as people began to stop holding their assets in cash which had become unstable, and began holding real goods. The Ottoman Empire maintained trade routes with the Far East through the old silk road as well as throughout the Mediterranean. This meant different social structures, government systems, and military strategies. Cereals were used as the basis of the rations’ system both at Knossos and Pylos. The bays provided harbors for ships, and the coast was fertile, so the could farm. [3] Despite this Minoan civilization remained, for the most part, an agriculturally driven one. Greece went off the gold standard in April 1932 and declared a moratorium on all interest payments. Powered by. The first Olympics were held in Greece. The one industry in which Greece had major success was the shipping industry. At Knossos, for example, the rations are quoted for a work-group composed of 18 men and 8 boys as 97.5 units of barley. Here’s a mystery box that will help us answer these For example, the inflation rate of Greece was 19.8%, while the EU average was 4.07% and the government's deficit was 11.5% of GDP, while the EU average was 3.64%. Greek economy had fared well for much of the 20th century, with high growth rates and low public debt. The country also adopted protectionist policies such as import quotas, which a number of European countries did during the time period. The soldiers were called Hoplights, middle class free men who had to pay for their own sword and shield, polythieistic. Greek economy was in an extremely poor state in 1950 (after the end of the Civil War), with its relative position dramatically affected. Another industry that contributed to the Minoan economy was the wine industry, which is mentioned in Linear A, but the small amounts referred to suggest it was a commodity reserved for the wealthier class. This was especially harmful to Greece as the country relied on imports from the UK, France and the Middle East for many necessities. The early Byzantine economy describes the economy of Roman Empire following the changing of its capital from Rome itself to the newly founded city of Constantinople (or Nova Roma) by the Emperor Constantine I. Tycoons such as Aristotle Onassis also aided in strengthening the Greek merchant fleet, and shipping has remained one of the few sectors in which Greece still excels. GOLD Upo... As I stated in a previous post about Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence Theory , I recently finished my unit at school on ancient Mesopotamia. Due to Greece's land being rugged, many of the cities were interspersed and became insular. Most of the tablets concerning bronze demonstrate a very tight control of the metal industry by the palace. For a brief period, the drachma was pegged to the US dollar, but this was unsustainable given the country's large trade deficit and the only long-term effects of this were Greece's foreign exchange reserves being almost totally wiped out in 1932. The Greeks were forced to adapt these characteristics in specific ways. Greece was also dependent on food imports, and a British naval blockade coupled with transfers of agricultural produce to Germany led to famine. This was initially opposed by many in the Greek government, as it was seen as a very unstable source of income in the event of any political shocks. Awesome Inc. theme. These refugees from Asia Minor also led to rapid growth of urban areas in Greece, as the vast majority of them settled in urban centers such as Athens and Thessaloniki. Still, in the early part of the 20th century Greeks owned 45% of the capital in the Ottoman Empire despite being a minority. isolated from each other by the mountains, forests, and the sea. a. Greece differed greatly from any other country in the EC at the time of its admission as agriculture, although in decline, was a much larger sector of the economy than in any other EC member. Unable to secure any more loans from abroad to finance the war with Turkey, in 1922 Finance Minister Petros Protopapadakis declared that each drachma was essentially to be cut in half. Don’t forget that the Greeks were great sailors too. Answer: The important geographical factors on the social and political development of Greece are the seas and mountains. While Solon's proclamation was a bold move, it could not really solve the problem of meager agricultural output and competition between workers for jobs. Remittances from abroad declined sharply and the value of the drachma began to plummet from 77 drachmas to the dollar in March 1931 to 111 drachmas to the dollar in April 1931. That's all there is to the geography of ancient Greece, right? The often fought with others so they needed better military technology to fight wars. [6], The emergence of the 'Polis' as the model for ideal governance following the end of the Greek Dark Ages heavily influenced the economy of the Greeks at the time. In Egypt, urban settlements were rare. As far as wine is concerned, it does not figure in the ordinary ration lists and may have been something of a luxury or possibly for export. [4], The production of oil was an important activity in which Minoan artisans were engaged. Boys who were born deformed and could not fight in war were left to die, Activities like art, philosophy and music. The new Greek government deliberately adopted land reforms intended to create a class of free peasants. The Persians were used to fighting on wide open plains with The important geographical factors on the social and political development of Greece are the seas and mountains. Although this thesis makes economic sense, it is sheer speculation as there is no reliable data on wages and prices in Greece during this period. They fought each other a lot, What did the Greeks achieve technologically, They developed a good navy for trading and fighting wars, built aqueducts which is a brick water pipe. After Constantinople was sacked in 1204 the city continued to bring in trade albeit with fewer gains for Byzantium. Apart from cereals, the Mycenaeans also produced wine, olive oil, oil from various spices and figs. Nonetheless, Greece was able to dramatically improve its finances during the 1990s, with both inflation and budget deficit falling below 3% by 1999, and the government concealed economic problems.
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